(1850 – 1921)<\/p>\n
\u0413\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0413\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0430 \u0421\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 (\u041c\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432) – \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0437-\u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u044d\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0422\u043e\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0432 1896 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445 “\u0418\u0437 \u043e\u0433\u043d\u044f \u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044b\u043c\u044f”, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0413.\u0422. \u041c\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c. \u041c\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432 – \u043f\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c. \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u043f\u044c\u0435\u0441\u044b \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a “\u041b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044b \u0414\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430”, \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 “\u041f\u043e \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0414\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0443” \u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430 – “\u0413\u0430\u043d\u044f \u0425\u043c\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432” \u0438 “\u0414\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0435”.<\/p>\n
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\u0413\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0413\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0430 \u0421\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 (\u041c\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432) – \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0437-\u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u044d\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0422\u043e\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0432 1896 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445 “\u0418\u0437 \u043e\u0433\u043d\u044f \u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044b\u043c\u044f”, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0413.\u0422. \u041c\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c. \u041c\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432 – \u043f\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":47598,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"\u0413\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0413\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0430 \u0421\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 (\u041c\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432) - \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 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\u043f\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"0","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"\u0413\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0413\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0430 \u0421\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 (\u041c\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432)","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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